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seo upcoming laptop 2013 2013
Seo Master present to you:
2013, By: Seo Master
Samsung Series 3 NP350V5C Review
Samsung Series 3 NP350V5C is a lightweight mid-range gaming laptop with Intel Core i7-3610QM, AMD Radeon HD 7670M GPU, 750GB hard drive and 8GB of RAM. The laptop delivers sufficient computing and multimedia performance. Priced at 999 euro, the Samsung Series 3 NP350V5C is significantly cheaper than more serious gaming behemoths. The 15-incher machine comes with a diverse array of ports; a couple of USB 3.0 ports, VGA port, full-sized HDMI port. The laptop uses 15” 1366 x 768 full HD LED-backlit display, which unfortunately shows annoying reflection when used outdoors.
The upper mid-range hardware configuration offers adequate performance for average gaming. Skyrim scores about 35fps at high detail settings, but slumps to 19fps when battery-saving mode is enabled. The notebook pleasantly hums at 32dB at idle with occasional clacking noise from the hard drive. It runs for 5 hours 40 minutes at idle, with minimal brightness and WLAN turned off; and slightly more than one hour under full load with maximum display brightness.
AMD will Release Brazos 2.0 Processors in 2013
Netbook users would be familiar with AMD’s APU solutions, which combines a processor and integrated graphics solution. Unlike Intel’s built-in graphics capability, AMD’s platforms work more like dedicated graphic cards, allowing fluid full HD video playback and DirectX 11 representations. After releasing the highly efficient C50/C60 and the more powerful E350/E450, the company released the E2-1800, which turned out to be a disappointment with its slight performance increase compared to the E450.
In 2013, we would start to see ultra-portable laptops running the new E2-2000 dual-core processor clocked at 1.75GHz. The APU will feature 1MB of cache the Radeon HD7340 GPU (538-700MHz). From the technical standpoint, this would easily look like AMD’s attempt to rebrand the earlier E2-1800, as the 50MHz clock increase would offer nearly indiscernible performance boost during daily usages.
Significant improvements wouldn’t arrive until AMD releases APUs with 28nm Kabini core, which will be aimed to replace all Brazos chips in the market.
Asus BU400A Ultrabook Will be Available in 2013
Consumers will start seeing the Asus BU400A ultrabook with touchscreen display in January 2013. The machine is aimed for enterprise use and although it doesn’t look quite as svelte as Asus’ Zenbook lineup, the BU400A is still a lightweight enough for any traveling businessperson. The laptop features a spill-resistant keyboard, HD display and solid carbon frame, as well fingerprint scanner, trusted protection module and data encryption.
The anti-shock system would easily protect the data stored within the mechanical hard drive. A more ultrabook-like version comes with a SSD for extra performance and reliability. The BU400A supports Windows 8 OS and its features, including the gestures. Weighing about 3.6lbs, the sleek laptop features SD card ports, VGA and USB 3.0.
In terms of processing and graphical powers, Asus BU400A will be equipped with 3rd generation Intel Core processors and Nvidia NVS 5200M graphic card. The Computrace LoJack and Intel’s Anti-Theft technology would help users retrieve stolen or lost notebooks and prevent harmful intrusions to enterprise data.
Retina Macbook Air Will Be Unveiled in 2013
Analysts say that there will be some big changes in Apple’s lineup in 2013. The company may introduce a Retina Display version of MacBook Air along with Retina iPad Mini in 2013. The new MacBook could have the new Mac OS X 10.9 under the hood and the iOS 7 would be released some point next year too.
Loyal Apple fans should get excited with other new devices the company plan to release in 2013. For example, huge Apple TV sets with screen sizes somewhere between 42” and 55” would be available for about $2000 at around Christmas 2013. The TV will serve as a hub that connects multiple iDevices near the area. The TV may include FaceTime, Siri and support for iOS apps.
Along with the Retina MacBook Air, the company will also launch the iPad Mini 2, which currently lacks full-HD resolution. This would address one significant issue that plagues the original iPad Mini. The display technology would also significantly enhance user experience for MacBook Air owners.
Intel Bay Trail-T Laptops Will be Released in 2013
The Bay Trail-T is a direct follow-on of the current Clover Trail platform. With the 22nm architecture, these new processor models will require only half the power consumption of the 32nm Clover Trail. A leaked document shows that a machine running Bay Trail-T can go for about 11 hours, whereas the older Clover Trail offers only 9 hours of operational time with the same battery capacity.
The Bay Trail-T has bumped the number of cores to four, with clock rate ranging from 1.5GHz to 2.1 GHz, which means the new platform should provide nearly 60 percent of performance increase compared to the Clover Trail.
Bay Trail-T processors are fully optimized for Windows 8 notebooks, with the Intel HD 4000 integrated graphics solution, also used by the current Ivy Bridge chips. This would allow Bay Trail-T machines to have up to 2560 x 1600 pixels resolution and three-fold boost in performance
Touchscreen Notebook Manufacturers May Face Serious Supply Problems in 2013
PC maker looking delivers a large number of touchscreen notebooks may suffer supply problems in 2013. Major vendors like Asus, Acer, Lenovo, HP, Sony and Dell are struggling to acquire a steady supply of touchscreen component for their notebooks. Current touch panel makers are still concentrating on huge demands in smartphones and tablet market.
Also, there is almost no indication that consumers want touch-based Windows 8 notebooks, although the new OS version is fully optimized for touch operations. Acer expects that touchscreen notebooks will account for 15 to 30 percent of its total shipment in 2013, if Windows 8 successfully reshapes the PC industry by encouraging people to use the touch-based interface more.
As touch panels makers are still fully committed to satisfy demands in mobile industry, notebook vendors will experience poor yield rates. Compal further reiterates this prediction that in 2013 the biggest hurdle for touch-based notebooks is not the lack of demand but supply.
How Windows 8 Would Affect Laptop Market in 2013?
It is an undeniable fact that Microsoft Windows is dominating the computing world with its appealing user-friendly interface and support for a wide range of devices. Although some would quickly argue that Windows OS isn’t the best in the market, Microsoft has improved significantly and Windows 7 was often praised as its best Windows version yet. Windows 8 will arrive soon and the market would be inundated with new PCs and laptops designed specifically for the new OS.
If you are planning to purchase a Windows 8 laptop next year, there are a few changes to consider. Touch capability may finally arrive to laptops, as Windows 8 interface are fully optimized for both mouse/keyboard input and touch. It is also important to expect a lot of convertibles and hybrids, as Windows 8 finally allows these devices to work properly. It is also quite possible that there will be close integration between Windows Phone 8 smartphones and Windows 8 laptops.
Laptops with Haswell Processor Will Be Released in 2013
Some new laptops released in 2013 are expected to deliver twice the performance and battery life with the new Intel “Haswell” Core processor. The new processor family will succeed Intel’s current mainstream processor family, the Ivy Bridge. Haswell will deliver twice the battery live and double the performance of Ivy Bridge. When used in Ultrabooks, this could be equal to approximately 6 to 8 hours of battery life.
The processor giant shed some light on the processor last September at the Intel Developer Forum. It claimed that the power consumption has been reduced sharply to the point where Haswell processor can run in tablets. The most power-efficient model of Ivy Bridge draws 17 Watts, while low-power versions of Haswell processors will draw 10 Watts during idle.
More powerful 15 Watts and 17 Watts models are also available for standard laptops. Haswell tablets running Windows 8 could reach performance levels never achieved before in the mobile industry. The ultrabook market has stagnated following the slumping PC industry and the Haswell processor family can create a spark that everybody needs.
Ultrabooks in 2013 Will Have Touch Capability
Ultrabooks are known for their elegant, lightweight and slim design that delivers full-scale performance without sacrificing battery life. These devices are more portable than standard laptops and can be used anywhere. Despite its small footprint, they have all the features you need, including SSD drive and USB 3.0 ports.
Apparently, some manufacturers are noticing the eventual convergence between tablets and notebooks. Some tablets models can transform into netbooks with their docks or integrated physical keyboard, and in turn, some ultrabooks models in 2013 will have touch capability. This would significantly close the gap between two computing devices and offer consumers significantly much more options.
Future release of touch-capable ultrabooks is announced during the Annual One Summit in New Delhi, India. Intel and Microsoft are currently working to develop an exceptional touch experience in Windows 8 environment. Intel has also worked with Nuance to create an immersive voice-based capability, which allows voice commands on PC and laptops.
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seo By 2013, computers will be 1000 times faster 2013
Seo Master present to you:
London: Get ready for the next-generation computers and smart phones that are up to 1,000 times faster than the systems you use today.
Computer maker IBM is developing “skyscraper” computers using huge sandwiches of silicon chips by sticking layer after layer of chips covered with tiny components together.
The process, for which IBM has roped in glue maker 3M, will make PCs and smart phones up to 1,000 times faster than the existing ones and are expected to be available in market as early as 2013.
3M currently makes heat resistant glues, adhesives used in the aerospace industry and sticky tapes, but the hi-tech glues created for IBM could actually be the key step towards making the next evolutionary leap in computing, the Daily Mail reported.
The attempts at piling chips vertically - known as 3D packaging - has so far been suffering from overheating. But, the new glues could potentially conduct heat through a stack of densely-packed chips and away from logic circuits that could be burnt out by the heat. The research aims to create “stacks” of up to 100 layers of silicon, the report said.
Mike Bowman, marketing manager for 3M, said, “This material fits underneath computer chips when they’re attached to printed circuit boards - the unique part of what we’re doing is that our glue conducts heat out to the edge of the sandwich. “Our glue will spread heat more evenly through the chip. With conventional chips, with just one or two layers, but once you’re stacking chips, the problem can become very severe.”
According to the researchers, a ball of advanced adhesive is placed between layers of chips, allowing up to 100 chips to be stacked without overheating.
”Today’s chips including those containing 3D transistors are in fact 2D chips that are still very flat structures,” Bernie Meyerson, a vice president of IBM research, said in a statement.
So far, most increases in computing power have been driven by scientific breakthroughs that allow chip makers to etch ever-smaller circuits onto ever-smaller chip wafers. The new ‘3D’ approach could accelerate gadgets such as tablet computers to unheard-of new speeds.
“Our scientists are aiming to develop materials that will allow us to package tremendous amounts of computing power into a new form factor - a silicon skyscraper,” said Meyerson. “We believe we can advance this, and create a new class of semiconductors - faster, with lower power usage, ideal for tablets and smart phones.”
Other 3M glues are used in hi-tech industries such as solar power, as well as in markedly lower-tech environments such as carpentry.
Both companies did not speculate on a release date for the new technology, but insiders said such versions could be on the market as early as 2013.
2013, By: Seo Masterseo Make Your Own Laptop A Touch Screen 2013
Seo Master present to you: Today's artist is not limited to pencil and paper. The digitization of the world has long been a part of the creative crowd and with the availability of touch screen laptopstoday even the most amateur can get a taste of expressing art directing into digital form.
Most artists, or anybody for that matter, have the foresight to purchase a laptop designed specifically with touch screen technology. And while many computers have the life expectancy of two to five years, most people don't have the inclination to fork over extra money for a new laptop. Most people simply didn't know there exist such a feature.
Regardless of your specific situation, anyone who desires the touch screen laptop functionality now can have it for less than two hundred dollars by the way of the TabletLaptop by NAVIsis. It allows for the touch screen functionality as an add-on option.
The minimum PC requirements are easy enough that only the dinosaurs of computers won't be able to meet. In fact, if you have a laptop any less than the minimum requirements, and you would like to upgrade, just go out and buy a new laptop. They aren't even expensive these days. But back to the point, most Windows home operating systems with a Pentium 500MHz or equivalent will do. The input is the later version USB 1.1 so every machine with a USB will do and an optical disk drive for the CD.
Some of the cool features are programmed to work integrated with Microsoft products. For example, in Microsoft Outlook, the add-on allows for creating and sending handwritten emails. The device is easy to install and allows for all the standard features of a touch screen laptop or tablet pc such as dynamically manage and control objects and applications without the need for a mouse.
The main complaint observable is that it further complicates the intended mobility of a laptop. The website promises a compact design, and as compact it can be, there is a physical size requirement that no amount of innovation, to today's knowledge, can eliminate. An effective detriment the laptops purpose of being portable.
Some specific design problems as differentiates the add-on from acting completely like a true native touch screen tablet. These laptops, such as the Toshiba touch screen laptop, offer a swivel screen that flips and twists and folds backwards that an ordinary laptop with an add-on cannot. Being able to fold backwards allows the user to write on the screen much more intuitively than a regular laptop screen.2013, By: Seo Master
Most artists, or anybody for that matter, have the foresight to purchase a laptop designed specifically with touch screen technology. And while many computers have the life expectancy of two to five years, most people don't have the inclination to fork over extra money for a new laptop. Most people simply didn't know there exist such a feature.
Regardless of your specific situation, anyone who desires the touch screen laptop functionality now can have it for less than two hundred dollars by the way of the TabletLaptop by NAVIsis. It allows for the touch screen functionality as an add-on option.
The minimum PC requirements are easy enough that only the dinosaurs of computers won't be able to meet. In fact, if you have a laptop any less than the minimum requirements, and you would like to upgrade, just go out and buy a new laptop. They aren't even expensive these days. But back to the point, most Windows home operating systems with a Pentium 500MHz or equivalent will do. The input is the later version USB 1.1 so every machine with a USB will do and an optical disk drive for the CD.
Some of the cool features are programmed to work integrated with Microsoft products. For example, in Microsoft Outlook, the add-on allows for creating and sending handwritten emails. The device is easy to install and allows for all the standard features of a touch screen laptop or tablet pc such as dynamically manage and control objects and applications without the need for a mouse.
The main complaint observable is that it further complicates the intended mobility of a laptop. The website promises a compact design, and as compact it can be, there is a physical size requirement that no amount of innovation, to today's knowledge, can eliminate. An effective detriment the laptops purpose of being portable.
Some specific design problems as differentiates the add-on from acting completely like a true native touch screen tablet. These laptops, such as the Toshiba touch screen laptop, offer a swivel screen that flips and twists and folds backwards that an ordinary laptop with an add-on cannot. Being able to fold backwards allows the user to write on the screen much more intuitively than a regular laptop screen.2013, By: Seo Master
seo History of computer 2013
Seo Master present to you: 
A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a finite set of arithmetic or logical operations. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem.
Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU) and some form of memory. The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit that can change the order of operations based on stored information. Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an external source, and the result of operations saved and retrieved.
The first electronic digital computers were developed between 1940 and 1945 in the United Kingdom and United States. Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). In this era mechanical analog computers were used for military applications.
Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, and mobile computers can be powered by small batteries. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from mp3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.
History of computing
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued with the same meaning until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, a machine that carries out computations.
Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU) and some form of memory. The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit that can change the order of operations based on stored information. Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an external source, and the result of operations saved and retrieved.
The first electronic digital computers were developed between 1940 and 1945 in the United Kingdom and United States. Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). In this era mechanical analog computers were used for military applications.
Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, and mobile computers can be powered by small batteries. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from mp3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.
History of computing
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued with the same meaning until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, a machine that carries out computations.
Limited-function early computersThe history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies, automated calculation and programmability, but no single device can be identified as the earliest computer, partly because of the inconsistent application of that term.
A few devices are worth mentioning though, like some mechanical aids to computing, which were very successful and survived for centuries until the advent of the electronic calculator, like the Sumerian abacus, designed around 2500 BC of which a descendant won a speed competition against a modern desk calculating machine in Japan in 1946, the slide rules, invented in the 1620s, which were carried on five Apollo space missions, including to the moon and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient astronomical computer built by the Greeks around 80 BC.
The Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when.This is the essence of programmability.
Around the end of the 10th century, the French monk Gerbert d'Aurillac brought back from Spain the drawings of a machine invented by the Moors that answered either Yes or No to the questions it was asked.Again in the 13th century, the monks Albertus Magnus and Roger Bacon built talking androids without any further development (Albertus Magnus complained that he had wasted forty years of his life when Thomas Aquinas, terrified by his machine, destroyed it).
In 1642, the Renaissance saw the invention of the mechanical calculator, a device that could perform all four arithmetic operations without relying on human intelligence. The mechanical calculator was at the root of the development of computers in two separate ways. Initially, it was in trying to develop more powerful and more flexible calculators that the computer was first theorized by Charles Babbage and then developed. Secondly, development of a low-cost electronic calculator, successor to the mechanical calculator, resulted in the development by Intel of the first commercially available microprocessor integrated circuit.
A few devices are worth mentioning though, like some mechanical aids to computing, which were very successful and survived for centuries until the advent of the electronic calculator, like the Sumerian abacus, designed around 2500 BC of which a descendant won a speed competition against a modern desk calculating machine in Japan in 1946, the slide rules, invented in the 1620s, which were carried on five Apollo space missions, including to the moon and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient astronomical computer built by the Greeks around 80 BC.
The Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when.This is the essence of programmability.
Around the end of the 10th century, the French monk Gerbert d'Aurillac brought back from Spain the drawings of a machine invented by the Moors that answered either Yes or No to the questions it was asked.Again in the 13th century, the monks Albertus Magnus and Roger Bacon built talking androids without any further development (Albertus Magnus complained that he had wasted forty years of his life when Thomas Aquinas, terrified by his machine, destroyed it).
In 1642, the Renaissance saw the invention of the mechanical calculator, a device that could perform all four arithmetic operations without relying on human intelligence. The mechanical calculator was at the root of the development of computers in two separate ways. Initially, it was in trying to develop more powerful and more flexible calculators that the computer was first theorized by Charles Babbage and then developed. Secondly, development of a low-cost electronic calculator, successor to the mechanical calculator, resulted in the development by Intel of the first commercially available microprocessor integrated circuit.
First general-purpose computers
In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of programmability.
It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.
Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed—nevertheless his son, Henry Babbage, completed a simplified version of the analytical engine's computing unit (the mill) in 1888. He gave a successful demonstration of its use in computing tables in 1906. This machine was given to the Science museum in South Kensington in 1910.
In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine-readable medium. Earlier uses of machine-readable media had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..." To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines.
These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of ideas and technologies, that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers, had begun to appear: Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve), punched cards and tape, and the teleprinter.
During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.
Alan Turing is widely regarded as the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine, providing a blueprint for the electronic digital computer. Of his role in the creation of the modern computer, Time magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".
The Atanasoff–Berry Computer (ABC) was the world's first electronic digital computer, albeit not programmable. Atanasoff is considered to be one of the fathers of the computer.Conceived in 1937 by Iowa State College physics professor John Atanasoff, and built with the assistance of graduate student Clifford Berry, the machine was not programmable, being designed only to solve systems of linear equations. The computer did employ parallel computation. A 1973 court ruling in a patent dispute found that the patent for the 1946 ENIAC computer derived from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer.
The first program-controlled computer was invented by Konrad Zuse, who built the Z3, an electromechanical computing machine, in 1941.The first programmable electronic computer was the Colossus, built in 1943 by Tommy Flowers.
George Stibitz is internationally recognized as a father of the modern digital computer. While working at Bell Labs in November 1937, Stibitz invented and built a relay-based calculator he dubbed the "Model K" (for "kitchen table", on which he had assembled it), which was the first to use binary circuits to perform an arithmetic operation.
Later models added greater sophistication including complex arithmetic and programmability. A succession of steadily more powerful and flexible computing devices were constructed in the 1930s and 1940s, gradually adding the key features that are seen in modern computers. The use of digital electronics (largely invented by Claude Shannon in 1937) and more flexible programmability were vitally important steps, but defining one point along this road as "the first digital electronic computer" is difficult.Shannon 1940 Notable achievements include:
In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of programmability.
It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.
Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed—nevertheless his son, Henry Babbage, completed a simplified version of the analytical engine's computing unit (the mill) in 1888. He gave a successful demonstration of its use in computing tables in 1906. This machine was given to the Science museum in South Kensington in 1910.
In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine-readable medium. Earlier uses of machine-readable media had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..." To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines.
These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of ideas and technologies, that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers, had begun to appear: Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve), punched cards and tape, and the teleprinter.
During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.
Alan Turing is widely regarded as the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine, providing a blueprint for the electronic digital computer. Of his role in the creation of the modern computer, Time magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".
The Atanasoff–Berry Computer (ABC) was the world's first electronic digital computer, albeit not programmable. Atanasoff is considered to be one of the fathers of the computer.Conceived in 1937 by Iowa State College physics professor John Atanasoff, and built with the assistance of graduate student Clifford Berry, the machine was not programmable, being designed only to solve systems of linear equations. The computer did employ parallel computation. A 1973 court ruling in a patent dispute found that the patent for the 1946 ENIAC computer derived from the Atanasoff–Berry Computer.
The first program-controlled computer was invented by Konrad Zuse, who built the Z3, an electromechanical computing machine, in 1941.The first programmable electronic computer was the Colossus, built in 1943 by Tommy Flowers.
George Stibitz is internationally recognized as a father of the modern digital computer. While working at Bell Labs in November 1937, Stibitz invented and built a relay-based calculator he dubbed the "Model K" (for "kitchen table", on which he had assembled it), which was the first to use binary circuits to perform an arithmetic operation.
Later models added greater sophistication including complex arithmetic and programmability. A succession of steadily more powerful and flexible computing devices were constructed in the 1930s and 1940s, gradually adding the key features that are seen in modern computers. The use of digital electronics (largely invented by Claude Shannon in 1937) and more flexible programmability were vitally important steps, but defining one point along this road as "the first digital electronic computer" is difficult.Shannon 1940 Notable achievements include:
Konrad Zuse's electromechanical "Z machines". The Z3 (1941) was the first working machine featuring binary arithmetic, including floating point arithmetic and a measure of programmability. In 1998 the Z3 was proved to be Turing complete, therefore being the world's first operational computer.
The non-programmable Atanasoff–Berry Computer (commenced in 1937, completed in 1941) which used vacuum tube based computation, binary numbers, and regenerative capacitor memory. The use of regenerative memory allowed it to be much more compact than its peers (being approximately the size of a large desk or workbench), since intermediate results could be stored and then fed back into the same set of computation elements.
The non-programmable Atanasoff–Berry Computer (commenced in 1937, completed in 1941) which used vacuum tube based computation, binary numbers, and regenerative capacitor memory. The use of regenerative memory allowed it to be much more compact than its peers (being approximately the size of a large desk or workbench), since intermediate results could be stored and then fed back into the same set of computation elements.
The secret British Colossus computers (1943), which had limited programmability but demonstrated that a device using thousands of tubes could be reasonably reliable and electronically reprogrammable. It was used for breaking German wartime codes. The Harvard Mark I (1944), a large-scale electromechanical computer with limited programmability.
The U.S. Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory ENIAC (1946), which used decimal arithmetic and is sometimes called the first general purpose electronic computer (since Konrad Zuse's Z3 of 1941 used electromagnets instead of electronics). Initially, however, ENIAC had an inflexible architecture which essentially required rewiring to change its programming.
Source: Wikipedia
2013, By: Seo MasterThe U.S. Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory ENIAC (1946), which used decimal arithmetic and is sometimes called the first general purpose electronic computer (since Konrad Zuse's Z3 of 1941 used electromagnets instead of electronics). Initially, however, ENIAC had an inflexible architecture which essentially required rewiring to change its programming.
Source: Wikipedia
seo Three New Year's resolutions for PC users 2013
Seo Master present to you:
A new year is upon us, and that can mean only one thing: resolutions. For most folks, these tend to be of the "get in shape" or "quit smoking" variety. But if you're a PCWorld reader, consider adding some PC-specific resolutions to the mix.
I have three suggestions for improving the quality of your computing life in 2013.
1. Make regular backups: I know you've heard it before. Like flossing your teeth and emptying the cat box, backing up your PC is one of life’s annoying necessities. Consider what the consequences would be if all your data—your Word files, photo library, Quicken data, and everything else—were to vanish suddenly. It’s a chilling thought, but it happens to unprepared people all too often.
It doesn't have to happen to you, though. Make 2013 the year you sign up for a cloud service—CrashPlan, Mozy, or SugarSync, for example—and configure it to archive your most important files and folders automatically. Once the configuring is done, you'll never have to worry about it again.
Sure, a local, whole-system backup is important, too. But your data is what's most critical, and a cloud-based approach to backing up protects you from home-based disasters like fire, flood, theft, and virus infestations. Don't wait another year to safeguard your data.
2. Look before you click: Fake download buttons. Toolbars and other junkware. Phishing links. Users get into trouble with these things all the time because they click without thinking. So in 2013, my advice is to look before you click.
It's all too easy to whisk through a software installer, clicking Next over and over just to get through it quickly, but that's one way to end up with unwanted toolbars in your Web browser(among other shovelware). And by clicking fake downoad buttons or important-looking links that arrive via email, you may end up with spyware, viruses, or even an identity-theft situation.
Before clicking anything that's unfamiliar to you, pause for a second. Look more closely at the link. Consider the circumstances. That little bit of precaution can save you from hassles—and maybe even disasters.
3. Keep it clean: I wrote about this just the other day in "How to clean your laptop's cooling fans": Dust can kill a PC, clogging the works and causing everything to overheat, with potentially disastrous results. And if you have a pet in the house, the hair it sheds can exacerbate the situation.
Luckily, the fix is simple: Schedule regular cleaning sessions where you use a can of compressed air to blow dust and pet hair off your cooling-fan blades and out of your case. This goes for laptops and desktops alike.
The easiest way to keep this resolution is to set a recurring reminder in your calendar. I recommend performing this kind of cleaning every three months.
Have you come up with other PC-related resolutions for the new year? Tell me about them in the comments!
2013, By: Seo Masterseo GNOME 2: Still king of the Linux desktop 2013
Seo Master present to you:
It seems fair to say that Linux users enjoy a degree of choice that's unmatched by the proprietary players in the desktop computing world, what with the wide variety of bothdistributions and desktop environments from which they can choose.
For that reason, it's all the more striking when large numbers of users express a marked preference for the same thing.
Case in point? GNOME 2.
Despite the best efforts of projects including Ubuntu and GNOME itself to entice users with new, mobile-style interfaces—namely,Unity and GNOME 3—legions of Linux users have resisted with equal vigor, demonstrating in no uncertain terms that their longtime favorite still holds the key to their computing hearts.
The king returns
GNOME 2, of course, was long the default desktop interface in numerous Linux distributions, including Canonical's popular Ubuntu.
In 2011 the dramatically redesigned GNOME 3 arrived on the scene, however, right around the same time that its like-minded cousin, Unity, was made desktop Ubuntu's default interface. Both sparked considerable controversy.
Such has been the strength of many Linux users' preference, in fact, that over the past year or so we've seen the emergence of multiple efforts to recreate the good, old GNOME 2 experience, including the MATE and Cinnamon desktops and even whole distributions such as Fuduntu and SolusOS.
Then, finally, to the joy of many, the GNOME project announced that it was bringing GNOME 2 back.
What users want
This situation is by no means restricted to the Linux world, of course—just look to Windows 8's Modern UI for a parallel example on the proprietary side.
It is, however, a vivid illustration of the disconnect that seems to have arisen recently between software makers and large numbers of their users.
Both Unity and GNOME 3 have their fans, to be sure—as, no doubt, must Modern UI—but the fact is that new and shiny isn't always what users want; sometimes, they just want what has worked for them for years.
On that critical criterion, I hereby crown GNOME 2 this year's king of the Linux desktop.
2013, By: Seo Masterseo Ultimate Windows 8 starter guide: Must-know tips, apps and utilities 2013
Seo Master present to you:
The year is drawing to a close, so there's a very good chance that you now find yourself staring straight down the gaping maw of Windows 8.
Maybe someone gave you a new Windows tablet or PC as a gift. Or maybe you decided to use your holiday down time to upgrade an old PC. The details don't really matter. You're now using Windows 8 for the very first time, and you're searching for answers on how to make the OS an integral, productive part of your high-tech life.
Sound familiar? Then walk with me as we take a tour of recent PCWorld Windows 8 coverage. I trust we have answers to all your Windows 8 questions.
Getting started with Windows 8
Right when the new OS launched, we published a number of essential how-to guides for first-time Windows 8 users. You can start your orientation process with this handy guide to maximizing your first 30 minutes with the new OS. But perhaps even more useful is our compendium of 20 must-know Windows 8 tips and tricks, which starts off with a thorough look at keyboard shortcuts—you should know them all if you don't have a touch screen.
But if you do have a touch screen device, then head straight to our guide to Windows 8 gesture commands. In this article (and in its accompany video) we describe how to navigate the initially confusing touch commands that leave many first-time users wonderingwhat the heck just hit them.
And if you don't have a touch screen monitor for the new OS, you should definitely read our guide to picking the right upgrade display for full Windows 8 compatibility.
Windows 8 drivers, utilities and customizations
Once you've become somewhat acclimated to the new Windows 8 landscape, it's time to fine-tune the OS experience to your personal preferences. At the top of the list is driver management. It's very possible that your new Windows 8 device boots up fine, but unless all your device drivers are up-to-date, you won't get the most high-performance experience possible (and driver issues may stop some peripherals from working altogether).
See our exhaustive guide on the whys, hows and wheres of Windows 8 drivers to nip all these issues in the bud.
Some Windows 8 problems have nothing to do with drivers. Instead, the OS itself is just innately challenging. To alleviate some of the built-in pain points, you absolutely must read our guide to the 8 worst Windows 8 irritations and how to fix them. Microsoft's decision to omit the traditional Start Button is among a host of bizarre development decisions, but luckily three different third-party utilities—Win8 Start Button, StartMenuPlus8 and Start8—can return the erstwhile Windows mainstay to your desktop.
But, hey, Microsoft didn't kill all the good things from previous versions of Windows. It just relegated many of them to hidden, second-class status. For a bunch of great tools hiding beneath the surface of Windows 8, check out this collection of 6 awesome Windows 8 utilities that no one knows about.
Diving deep into Windows 8 power tools
In the weeks since the new OS launched, we've published a number of deep-dive tutorials that explore the system's more innovative, richer features. For example, BitLocker To Go is built directly into Windows 8, and helps you quickly encrypt external storage devices like USB flash drives and portable hard drives. If you're concerned about your data security, you should also read our how-to on activating Windows Defender, a basic anti-malware tool that's not immediately exposed in many default installations of the OS.
Another great built-in Windows 8 feature is Storage Spaces, a tool that lets you combine all your sundry storage hardware into a single, virtual data pool—which you can then allocate more efficiently, for data redundancy and general file management. Besides explaining Storage Spaces, we also posted a great article on using Client Hyper-V, a tool that lets you virtualize older versions of Windows from within Windows 8.
Finally, it's possible that you just installed Windows 8 on a machine from yesteryear, and your gear isn't up to the task of running the new system in all its glory. If you find yourself in this sorry lot, read our tutorial on optimizing Windows 8 for older hardware. It explains which features to turn off, or otherwise disable.
Windows 8 apps and games to explore and download
Windows 8 comes with a bunch of pre-installed "modern UI" apps, so you might as well familiarize yourself with the most high-profile entries. We have detailed primers on Music,Photos, Mail, Calendar, SkyDrive and People. None of these apps is perfect, though theSkyDrive cloud service is an integral part of the new Microsoft ecosystem, so you really should check out its implementation in Windows 8.
Precisely because Microsoft's built-in apps are so lacking, you'll want to hit up the Windows Store for Windows 8 apps to populate your new Start Screen. On the day Windows 8 launched, we published our top 10 list of the Windows 8 apps to download first, but just this week we updated the concept with a new article geared specifically to Windows 8 tablets.
New Windows 8 hardware owners should also read our suggestions of the best streaming media apps for cord cutters, the best Windows 8 casual games (our author tested a vast selection, and then chose the 15 most worthy), and best productivity apps.
2013, By: Seo Masterseo Intel 4th gen processor next year 2013
Seo Master present to you: 
2013, By: Seo Master
2012 was an exciting year for Intel in the Asia Pacific region.
Zia Manzur, country business manager, Intel Bangladesh said this to journalists at a press meet in the capital.
At the meet he said technology innovation from the region made possible devices with an immersive and personal computing experience. Intel is proud to be a driving force behind this innovation. Creating and extending computing technology to connect and enrich lives has been Intel's company vision. This year Intel made a leap forward by delivering next generation processors that changed the way people use and interact with computing technology from interactive signs, smart cars to smartphones, tablets, Ultrabooks and servers.
He said Intel also continued its work to help transform Asia into a global powerhouse through a focus on education, encouraging the adoption of 21st century skills and investing in Asian start-ups and entrepreneurs across the region.
Manzur said in 2012 Intel made smarter, faster and more secure computing possible through the integration of revolutionary technology. The first processors built on Intel's innovative 22nm 3-D tri-gate transistors came to market with the launch of the 3rd generation Intel core processor family. As a result Ultrabooks and other PC systems are now equipped with new technology that enables faster file transfers, super-quick start times, quick connections and greater security.
At event he said Intel is expected to launch its 4th generation Intel Core processor in 2013.
2013, By: Seo Master
seo Use Windows 7 without mouse (with key board) 2013
Seo Master present to you:
Those guys who use windows 7, this post is only for them. Here I will share the tips with you, how to use windows 7 without mouse / with key board. Let’s see bellow.
First go to start menu then control panel => Ease of Access => Ease of Access Center-e => Click on Make the mouse easier to use => Select, turn on mouse keys then ok. To do task Press: LFT Alt+LFT Shft+Num Lock.
Now see how your key board will do the task of mouse.
| To | | Do this |
| Click an item | | With the left button selected as your active button, point to the item, and then press 5 |
| Right-click an item | | With the right button selected as your active button, point to the item, and then press 5 |
| Double-click an item | | With the left button selected as your active button, point to the item, and press the plus sign (+) |
| To move the mouse pointer | | Press |
| Up and to the left | | 7 |
| Up | | 8 |
| Up and to the right | | 9 |
| Left | | 4 |
| Right | | 6 |
| Down and to the left | | 1 |
| Down | | 2 |
| Down and to the right | | 3 |
If you think this tips may helpful for your friends and family then don’t forget to share with your facebook, twitter or google +
Thanks.
2013, By: Seo Masterseo Shutdown windows 8 easily and quickly 2013
Seo Master present to you: Windows 8 is awesome. Android there are lots of things to do here with lots of things. It will be handy only if you are familiar with those. Shutdown is one of the features you really need to look out. In pretty much every version of Windows prior to this one, you'd click Start, then Shut Down.
Windows 8 notoriously lacks a Start button, so obviously the old rules don't apply here. There are 3 or 4 ways to shut down your PC. But none of the methods are as quick as before. So I would highly recommend you to use a tiny shortcut to shut down your Windows 8 PC. Here’s how-
-> Navigate to the desktop. Right click on the desktop and select New.
-> Shortcut. A shortcut menu appears. Enter shutdown /s /t 0 (zero) in the location box and hit Next. To restart your PC the shortcut is “shutdown /r /t 0″.
-> Enter a name for the shortcut and click Finish. A new shortcut will appear on your desktop.
That’s it. But will be great if you assign a right icon for your shutdown task. So do as I say-
-> Right click on the shortcut and select Properties. A dialog box appears.
-> Click Change Icon under the Shortcut tab then Click Ok in warning box that says shutdown.exe contains no icons.
-> Select an Icon from the list of available images Click Ok twice (once to close the Change Icon window and once to close Properties window).
Your shortcut will now have an icon. There is another thing you might be interested in. It will be a lot easier if you just pin the shortcut to your taskbar. To do that just right click the icon and select Pin to Taskbar if you want the shortcut to live on your desktop’s taskbar as well.
Be happy with your Windows 8 life.2013, By: Seo Master
Windows 8 notoriously lacks a Start button, so obviously the old rules don't apply here. There are 3 or 4 ways to shut down your PC. But none of the methods are as quick as before. So I would highly recommend you to use a tiny shortcut to shut down your Windows 8 PC. Here’s how-
-> Navigate to the desktop. Right click on the desktop and select New.
-> Shortcut. A shortcut menu appears. Enter shutdown /s /t 0 (zero) in the location box and hit Next. To restart your PC the shortcut is “shutdown /r /t 0″.
-> Enter a name for the shortcut and click Finish. A new shortcut will appear on your desktop.
That’s it. But will be great if you assign a right icon for your shutdown task. So do as I say-
-> Right click on the shortcut and select Properties. A dialog box appears.
-> Click Change Icon under the Shortcut tab then Click Ok in warning box that says shutdown.exe contains no icons.
-> Select an Icon from the list of available images Click Ok twice (once to close the Change Icon window and once to close Properties window).
Your shortcut will now have an icon. There is another thing you might be interested in. It will be a lot easier if you just pin the shortcut to your taskbar. To do that just right click the icon and select Pin to Taskbar if you want the shortcut to live on your desktop’s taskbar as well.
Be happy with your Windows 8 life.2013, By: Seo Master
seo Computer related Vocabulary !!! (Let’s know) 2013
Seo Master present to you:
backup - A copy of files from a computer's hard disk, usually made on some external medium such asCD-ROM or flash drive. A backup is made in case the hard disk file(s) are erased or damaged.
bit, bytes - A bit is the smallest piece of information that computers use. For simplicity, a PC uses bits in groups of 8 called bytes (8 bits = 1 byte).
Bluetooth - a way of communicating wirelessly over short distances between electronic devices (for example computer and mobile telephone)
boot, boot up, boot disk - You boot (or boot up) your computer when you switch it on and wait while it prepares itself. Instructions for startup are given to the computer from the boot disk, which is usually the hard disk.
browser, to browse - A browser is a program like Firefox or Internet Explorer. You use it to view or browse the Internet.
bug - A (small) defect or fault in a program.
cache - A kind of memory used to make a computer work faster.
CD-ROM - A disk for storing computer information. It looks like an audio CD.
CPU - Central Processing Unit. This is a PC's heart or "brains".
data - usually means the information (text, pictures, audio etc) that you create or share on a computer, as opposed to the programs that manipulate the data.
DOS - Disk Operating System. The original system used for PCs, where you typed in commands instead of pointing and clicking.
driver - A small program that tells a PC how a peripheral works.
ebook - an electronic book that can be downloaded and read on a computer or other device.
electronic mail (email, e-mail) - Messages sent from one computer to another. You can see email on the screen or print it out.
file - a specific computer record; it could contain data such as text (eg essay.doc), or a program such as paint.exe.
floppy disk - A cheap, removable disk used for storing or transferring information. It is floppy (soft) because it is plastic. (Now virtually obsolete.) See hard disk.
floppy drive - The device used to run a floppy disk (usually drive "A".) (Now virtually obsolete.)
folder (directory) - A sub-division of a computer's hard disk into which you put files.
font - A particular sort of lettering (on the screen or on paper). Arial is a font. Times New Roman is another.
format - All hard disks and floppy disks have to be electronically prepared for use by a process called formatting. Hard disks are pre-formatted by the computer manufacturer. If you buy a floppy disk that is not pre-formatted, you format it yourself, using a program that comes with your PC.
graphics card - The equipment inside a computer that creates the image on the screen.
hard disk - The main disk inside a computer used for storing programs and information. It is hard because it is metal. See floppy disk.
hotspot - an area that has an available wireless signal for Internet access (usually public).
icon - A small image or picture on a computer screen that is a symbol for folders, disks, peripherals,programs etc.
Internet - International network of computers that you connect to by telephone line. Two popular services of the Internet are the World Wide Web and electronic mail.
iPad - a tablet computer created by Apple.
Kb, Mb, Gb - kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes. Used to measure computer memory and storage.
Kindle - a device for downloading and reading ebooks, developed by Amazon.com.
memory - Memory is for the temporary storing of information while a computer is being used. SeeRAM, ROM and Cache.
MHz - Megahertz. This describes the speed of computer equipment. The higher the MHz the better the performance.
modem - Equipment connected to a computer for sending/receiving digital information by telephone line. You may need a modem to connect to the Internet, to send electronic mail and to fax.
notebook - a notebook computer; a laptop computer; a folding, portable computer.
operating system (OS) - The basic software that manages a computer (for example, Windows 7, OS X, Unix, iOS).
OCR - Optical Character Recognition. OCR lets a PC read a fax or scanned image and convert it to actual lettering.
palmtop - a computer that is small enough to sit on the palm of the hand.
parallel port - A socket at the back of a computer for connecting external equipment or peripherals, especially printers.
PC card - A device that is the same size as a thick credit card, for plugging into a slot on notebook computers. You can buy memory, modems and hard disks as PC cards.
PDA - abbreviation of "personal digital assistant".
peripheral - Any equipment that is connected externally to a computer. For example, printers,scanners and modems are peripherals.
pixel - The image that you see on the screen is made of thousands of tiny dots, points or pixels.
program Software that operates a PC and does various things, such as writing text (word-processing program), keeping accounts (accounts program) and drawing pictures (graphics program).
QWERTY - The first 6 letters on English-language keyboards are Q-W-E-R-T-Y. The first 6 letters on French-language keyboards are A-Z-E-R-T-Y.
RAM, ROM - Two types of memory. RAM (Random Access Memory) is the main memory used while the PC is working. RAM is temporary. ROM (Read Only Memory) is for information needed by the PC and cannot be changed.
resolution - The number of dots or pixels per inch (sometimes per centimetre) used to create the screen image.
scanner - Equipment for converting paper documents to electronic documents that can be used by a computer.
serial port - Socket at the back of a PC for connecting peripherals (obsolescent).
smartphone - a mobile phone that includes a palmtop computer or PDA and also gives access to Internet and email.
tablet - a tablet computer; a mobile computer consisting of a screen only, and controlled by touching the screen.
TFT - Thin Film Transistor, a type of high quality screen for notebook computers.
USB - abbreviation of "universal serial bus"; a standardized connection for attaching devices to computers etc.
USB flash drive - a small, external device for storing data; it connects through the USB socket.
virus - A small, unauthorized program that can damage a PC.
Wi-Fi - a system for communicating without wires over a computer network.
Windows - An operating system used by the majority of PCs.
World Wide Web, WWW, the Web - WWW are initials that stand for World Wide Web. The Web is one of the services available on the Internet. It lets you access millions of pages through a system of links. Because it is "world-wide", it was originally called the World Wide Web or WWW.
WYSIWIG - "What You See Is What You Get." With a WYSIWIG program, if you print a document it looks the same on paper as it looks on the screen.
2013, By: Seo Master
Hope this post may help all of you though you know all of this.
anti-virus software - A program that finds and removes viruses from a computer.backup - A copy of files from a computer's hard disk, usually made on some external medium such asCD-ROM or flash drive. A backup is made in case the hard disk file(s) are erased or damaged.
bit, bytes - A bit is the smallest piece of information that computers use. For simplicity, a PC uses bits in groups of 8 called bytes (8 bits = 1 byte).
Bluetooth - a way of communicating wirelessly over short distances between electronic devices (for example computer and mobile telephone)
boot, boot up, boot disk - You boot (or boot up) your computer when you switch it on and wait while it prepares itself. Instructions for startup are given to the computer from the boot disk, which is usually the hard disk.
browser, to browse - A browser is a program like Firefox or Internet Explorer. You use it to view or browse the Internet.
bug - A (small) defect or fault in a program.
cache - A kind of memory used to make a computer work faster.
CD-ROM - A disk for storing computer information. It looks like an audio CD.
CPU - Central Processing Unit. This is a PC's heart or "brains".
data - usually means the information (text, pictures, audio etc) that you create or share on a computer, as opposed to the programs that manipulate the data.
DOS - Disk Operating System. The original system used for PCs, where you typed in commands instead of pointing and clicking.
driver - A small program that tells a PC how a peripheral works.
ebook - an electronic book that can be downloaded and read on a computer or other device.
electronic mail (email, e-mail) - Messages sent from one computer to another. You can see email on the screen or print it out.
file - a specific computer record; it could contain data such as text (eg essay.doc), or a program such as paint.exe.
floppy disk - A cheap, removable disk used for storing or transferring information. It is floppy (soft) because it is plastic. (Now virtually obsolete.) See hard disk.
floppy drive - The device used to run a floppy disk (usually drive "A".) (Now virtually obsolete.)
folder (directory) - A sub-division of a computer's hard disk into which you put files.
font - A particular sort of lettering (on the screen or on paper). Arial is a font. Times New Roman is another.
format - All hard disks and floppy disks have to be electronically prepared for use by a process called formatting. Hard disks are pre-formatted by the computer manufacturer. If you buy a floppy disk that is not pre-formatted, you format it yourself, using a program that comes with your PC.
graphics card - The equipment inside a computer that creates the image on the screen.
hard disk - The main disk inside a computer used for storing programs and information. It is hard because it is metal. See floppy disk.
hotspot - an area that has an available wireless signal for Internet access (usually public).
icon - A small image or picture on a computer screen that is a symbol for folders, disks, peripherals,programs etc.
Internet - International network of computers that you connect to by telephone line. Two popular services of the Internet are the World Wide Web and electronic mail.
iPad - a tablet computer created by Apple.
Kb, Mb, Gb - kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes. Used to measure computer memory and storage.
Kindle - a device for downloading and reading ebooks, developed by Amazon.com.
memory - Memory is for the temporary storing of information while a computer is being used. SeeRAM, ROM and Cache.
MHz - Megahertz. This describes the speed of computer equipment. The higher the MHz the better the performance.
modem - Equipment connected to a computer for sending/receiving digital information by telephone line. You may need a modem to connect to the Internet, to send electronic mail and to fax.
notebook - a notebook computer; a laptop computer; a folding, portable computer.
operating system (OS) - The basic software that manages a computer (for example, Windows 7, OS X, Unix, iOS).
OCR - Optical Character Recognition. OCR lets a PC read a fax or scanned image and convert it to actual lettering.
palmtop - a computer that is small enough to sit on the palm of the hand.
parallel port - A socket at the back of a computer for connecting external equipment or peripherals, especially printers.
PC card - A device that is the same size as a thick credit card, for plugging into a slot on notebook computers. You can buy memory, modems and hard disks as PC cards.
PDA - abbreviation of "personal digital assistant".
peripheral - Any equipment that is connected externally to a computer. For example, printers,scanners and modems are peripherals.
pixel - The image that you see on the screen is made of thousands of tiny dots, points or pixels.
program Software that operates a PC and does various things, such as writing text (word-processing program), keeping accounts (accounts program) and drawing pictures (graphics program).
QWERTY - The first 6 letters on English-language keyboards are Q-W-E-R-T-Y. The first 6 letters on French-language keyboards are A-Z-E-R-T-Y.
RAM, ROM - Two types of memory. RAM (Random Access Memory) is the main memory used while the PC is working. RAM is temporary. ROM (Read Only Memory) is for information needed by the PC and cannot be changed.
resolution - The number of dots or pixels per inch (sometimes per centimetre) used to create the screen image.
scanner - Equipment for converting paper documents to electronic documents that can be used by a computer.
serial port - Socket at the back of a PC for connecting peripherals (obsolescent).
smartphone - a mobile phone that includes a palmtop computer or PDA and also gives access to Internet and email.
tablet - a tablet computer; a mobile computer consisting of a screen only, and controlled by touching the screen.
TFT - Thin Film Transistor, a type of high quality screen for notebook computers.
USB - abbreviation of "universal serial bus"; a standardized connection for attaching devices to computers etc.
USB flash drive - a small, external device for storing data; it connects through the USB socket.
virus - A small, unauthorized program that can damage a PC.
Wi-Fi - a system for communicating without wires over a computer network.
Windows - An operating system used by the majority of PCs.
World Wide Web, WWW, the Web - WWW are initials that stand for World Wide Web. The Web is one of the services available on the Internet. It lets you access millions of pages through a system of links. Because it is "world-wide", it was originally called the World Wide Web or WWW.
WYSIWIG - "What You See Is What You Get." With a WYSIWIG program, if you print a document it looks the same on paper as it looks on the screen.
2013, By: Seo Master